Transformer oil testing – Leveraging Automated Color and Density Measurements for Transformer Oil Maintenance Programs Defining ASTM D1500 While ASTM D1500 is a method often used in manufacturing control, it is also widely applied in transformer oil testing to monitor oil quality. Technicians evaluate petroleum end products against the standardized ASTM D1500 color scale. ASTM […]
Bourbon Proof Testing for Single Barrel and Blended Bourbons
Single barrel bourbons represent some of the most character-rich expressions in American whiskey, making precise bourbon proof testing essential. However, their complexity—arising from aging, barrel variation, and minimal filtration—presents unique challenges in measuring alcohol content (%ABV v/v) accurately. To address this, the paper examines the regulatory framework set by the U.S. Alcohol and Tobacco Tax […]
Meeting USP Chapter 831 – Temperate Validation requirements for Refractometers.
Download a PDF of this Whitepaper Temperature validation for refractometers is crucial to ensure temperature accuracy in pharmaceutical validation according to the latest release of USP Chapter 831. Here’s why it’s important: Accuracy of Refractive Index Measurements: Refractive index is a temperature sensitive property, and even small temperature variations can impact the Refractive Index measurement […]
Craft Spirits Vol 8 September
UNDERSTANDING PROOFING AND GAUGING ALCOHOL Navigating U.S. regulations and methods for determining alcoholic strength.BY TYLER DERHEIM Before we dive into the topic of proofing and gauging, it’s useful to establish some background and definitions; while they may be familiar to you as experienced distillers, these will form the vocabulary for this article. These definitions and […]
J57/J157AB Refractometer Measurement of Urea Concentration for Diesel Engine Additives
J57AB /J157AB Refractometers for Measurement of Urea Concentration for Diesel Engine Additives Standards Designed in accordance with DIN 70071 / ISO 22241-2 Basic operation The J57AB is a sub model of the J57HA and most details on the Technical Bulletin 941 apply; the J157AB is a sub model of the J157 and most details on […]
Automobile Industry Refractometer Options Package
Suggested users Car and truck manufacturing factories looking to check fluids before they are put in new vehicles Laboratories which analyze fluids from in-service vehicles Companies making concentrated urea solutions that will eventually get diluted and sold to use in diesel engines Companies buying concentrated urea solutions and diluting them for use in diesel engines […]
Invert Sugar Measurements
WHY MEASURE INVERT SUGAR ? – BACKGROUND Inverted sugar syrup, also called invert syrup is essentially sugar in water. Hydrolytic saccharification of sucrose produces invert sugar, a mixture of the monosaccharides glucose and fructose. The mixture rotates light in the opposite direction of the original sugar, which is why it’s referred to as invert sugar. […]
European Pharmacopoeia Essential Oils for Changes Optical Rotation Measurements
Changes to the European Pharmacopoeia Essential Oils regarding Optical Rotation Measurements / Polarimeter Measurements In April 2022 there is a change coming to the European Pharmacopoeia regarding the measurement of essential oils such as Sweet Orange Oil. The revised monograph requires that samples now need to be measured in a 0.1 dm (10mm) length cell […]
Accurate Determination of Sulfuric Acid Concentration
ACCURATE DETERMINATION OF SULFURIC ACID WITHIN THE CHEMICAL, ACCUMULATORS, FERTILIZERS, METAL, AND PLASTICS INDUSTRIES The Density – Concentration Relationship of H2SO4 As the concentration of the Sulfuric Acid increases, the density also increases. This fairly linear relationship goes from 0% concentration up to approximately 96% or 97%. However, somewhere around 93% the linear relationship starts […]
ANALYSIS OF CLEANING PRODUCT RAW MATERIALS
Preamble – Measuring Cleaning Product Materials The current crisis is bad, but it is a crisis and will get resolved. One of the left-over effects from it that will persist for many years though is an increased effort on cleaning. Airplane seats, sports venues and even doorknobs on residential houses are going to be subject […]
Measurement of Concentration Dependence of Refractive Index to Confirm Gel Permeation Chromatography Parameter
Measurement of Concentration Dependence of Refractive Index to Confirm Gel Permeation Chromatography Parameter Application Note November 2019 by Gabor Kiss Background: Gel Permeation Chromatography Refractometer One of the workhorse techniques for polymer characterization is Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) which is used to measure molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, degree of branching, radius of gyration, solvent […]
Measurement of Concentration Dependence of Refractive Index to Enhance Gel Permeation Chromatography for Polymer Characterization
Measurement of Concentration Dependence of Refractive Index to Enhance Gel Permeation Chromatography for Polymer Characterization Author: Gabor Kiss Date: October 2019 Background: One of the workhorse techniques for polymer characterization is Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) which is used to measure molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, degree of branching, radius of gyration, solvent power, etc. The […]
Refractometer Temperature Boost Option
J Series Refractometer Temperature Boost Option Technical Bulletin J Series Refractometer with Temperature Boost Option The Rudolph Research Analytical J Series of refractometers are able to control temperature accurately in addition to reproducibility to the range mentioned in the relevant technical bulletin. However, for certain applications beyond that range, particularly in petroleum, pharmaceutical, plastics, specialty […]
Ultra Low Volume Refractometer
Ultra Low Volume Refractometer Background Low Volume Refractometer The Ultra Low Volume Refractometer (ULV) option is designed for situations where only a very limited amount of sample is available. This is often related to the biological sciences, but the ULV instrument will handle the same range of materials that a standard refractometer will. Refractometer Design […]
Refractometer Validation
Refractometer Validation Refractometer Validation – In a regulated laboratory the purchase price of an instrument is only relatively small part of the total cost. For some instruments there are expensive consumables and the manufacturer will provide the original instrument very inexpensively in order to lock the laboratory into these. For other instruments the manufacturer […]
Polarimeter Cell Filling Solutions
New innovations in Polarimeter cell filling from Rudolph Research. Introducing the Rudolph Research Analytical AutoFill™(Patent Pending) Filling a Polarimeter Cell has never been easier. Polarimeter cell filling made easy – Rudolph Research Analytical developed AutoFill™ (Patent Pending) a simple and easy way for fast and reliable polarimeter cell loading. Polarimeter sample cells are filled without […]
UAN Fertilizer Concentration Analysis – Measure RI & Density for % Concentration
Rudolph Research – Fertilizer Industry Application for UAN Analysis. UAN Fertilizer Concentration Analysis – Measure RI & Density for % Concentration UAN 32 is a formulation consisting of 45% Ammonium Nitrate, 35% Urea with 20% water content. The resulting total nitrogen concentration is 32%. Half coming from the Ammonium Nitrate and the other half from […]
J157HA-BUTYRO Refractometer
BUTYRO Refractometer J157HA – for the Analysis of Food in Line with Indian Food Safety Standards All BUTYRO Refractometer J157HA offers the following features: Range 1.32 to 1.53 Refractive Index / 0 – 100 Brix which is sufficient to measure all edible oil and sugar materials in standards. Accuracy of 0.00002 Refractive Index / 0.02 […]
Refractive Index for Particle Size Analysis
Refractometers for Powder – Particle Size Analysis Refractometers to measure the RI for Powder Size Analysis – In May 2015 Rudolph Research Analytical released additional capabilities for all pharmaceutical level refractometers. The J257, J357, and J457 refractometers come standard with a method for measuring the RI or refractive index of powders as required by a […]
Drug Diversion in the Hospital Pharmacy
Drug Diversion in the Hospital Pharmacy Drug Diversion Background: Hospital pharmacies are responsible for dispensing drugs including powerful and regulated narcotics to hospital patients including pain medications during and after surgery. The hospital pharmacist is concerned with dispensing the correctly prescribed drug in the prescribed doses. Then any unused drug is returned for proper disposal. […]
Refractometer Data Storage
Refractometer Data Storage – Applies to Rudolph Research J257, J357, and J457 Laboratory Refractometers Embedded systems – Refractometer Data Storage Refractometer Data Storage – All Rudolph refractometers are equipped with a control system using Windows Embedded. This control system has 32mb of on board memory which is extendable using USB sticks. The control system can […]
Refractive Index – RI Measurement of Solids & Films
RI Measurement of Solids, Semi Solids and Films. RI measurement of solids and semi-solids is useful in labs for monitoring quality to insure consistency of transparency, pigmentation, or batch quality. Refractive Index might be measured on incoming materials or finished products. Highly accurate measurements are possible with the right refractometer and a method to measure […]
Density Meter – Refractometer Instrument Combinations
Versatile Density Meter – Refractometer Instrument Combinations from Rudolph Research Analytical. Combined Density Meter – Refractometer Instrument Combinations Many users need to measure both refractive index and density and feel that a combined system will be a good alternative. The advantages of such a system are many; Since parts are shared the total cost of […]
Refractometer Uses in Industry and Selection
Refractometer Uses in Industry and Selection By Angelo DePalma, PHD Refractometer uses: Characterizes fluids based on their refractive index –the refraction occurs due to the change in the speed of light as it travels through a material of one density to one of different density. By definition a vacuum has a refractive index of 1, […]
